How To Grow Sweet Pawpaws: Improving The Sweetness Of Your Pawpaws

"Kwa nini pawpaw zangu si tamu? (Why are my pawpaws not sweet?)". This is a question we have gotten quite a number of times. Growing pawpaws is easy but producing sweet ones for home consumption or commercial purposes is a dream for many. What many farmers don't know is that growing pawpaws with perfect sweetness is more of a science than an art. Let me walk you through simple steps to make your pawpaws burst with natural sweetness.

A serving of sweet pawpaw from Richfarm Kenya

So to grow sweet pawpaws in Kenya, ensure you do the following: 

1. Choose the right climate

Pawpaws thrive in warm or hot climates, where temperatures range from 21°C to 35°C. While it is possible to grow pawpaws in relatively lower temperatures, providing the a suitable temperature range promotes optimal sugar accumulation and sweetness.

2. Choose the right pawpaw variety

When it comes to growing sweet pawpaws, the choice of the right variety sets the stage for a flavor-filled journey. You know we still have those big traditional pawpaws that are almost bitter, right? Choosing the right variety does not only play a crucial role in determining the sweetness, but also the texture, and overall flavour of your pawpaws. Some varieties are renowned for their sugary profiles, while others offer unique flavor notes. You can read on How to Choose The Best Pawpaw Variety For Your Farm to get more information on that. Get your healthy ready-to-plant sweet pawpaw seedlings and seed varieties from certified nurseries like Richfarm Kenya. Kindly call or WhatsApp 0724698357/0723213602/0798919007 to make your order.

3. Check your soil quality 

The foundation of growing sweet pawpaws or any other fruit or crop lies beneath the surface - in the soil. Choosing the right soil type and ensuring its quality can make all the difference in nurturing a bounty of delicious fruits. Pawpaw trees thrive in well-draining sandy or sandy-loam soils that have a proper balance of essential nutrients. 

The soil should be amended with organic matter like compost, to enhance fertility and structure. A pH level of between 5.5 and 7 is ideal for pawpaw growth. Soil composition directly affects the tree’s ability to absorb essential nutrients for fruit flavour development.

We have given you some details on how to ensure high soil quality for fruit farming in this article: How To Grow Sweet Fruits And Keep Your Customers Coming Back For More 

4. Ensure correct fertilizer application 

We often overlook the need for applying fertilizers on our pawpaw trees because they seem to keep growing with little intervention. However, timely and effective replenishment of the used-up nutrients is one of the key practices in growing irresistibly sweet pawpaws. 

During the early stages - immediately after transplanting - apply fertilizers that are richer in nitrogen. 3 months after transplanting, start applying a balanced fertilizer like NPK 17:17:17 to supply all the nutrients the pawpaw trees need for various developmental needs. During flowering and fruiting, which comes about 6 months after transplanting, give the trees fertilizers that are richer in potassium (element K) such as Multi-K.

5. Ensure correct irrigation schedules

Pawpaw irrigation should be consistent and adequate. While pawpaws do not need a lot of water, they appreciate moist soil but do not tolerate soggy grounds. Allow the soil to dry up slightly between watering sessions to strike the right balance. 

Extreme fluctuations in soil moisture can however impact the fruit quality and general productivity of the tree, so a farmer should strive to ensure a stable water supply. The only way to ensure know that it is time to irrigate, is by physically checking the soil: scoop a handful of soil from just below the surface and squeeze it in your hand. If you are left with soil sticking on your palm, the pawpaw trees still have enough water. 

6. Keep Mealybugs and fungal diseases away at all costs

You can observe steps 1 to 5 of growing sweet pawpaws and have all your efforts go to the drain by simply letting those white wooly pests called mealybugs suck out all the sweetness from your fruits. That is also what fungal diseases do. 

The good thing is that these two challenges are easy to control if the first five steps are well observed. There are  very safe organic and chemical products that are available in agro-vet shops: we shall do a detailed article to guide in this later but if you need help on this, you can always call us on 0724698357 / 0723213602 / 0798919007.

Cherry Guava Farming In Kenya: A Simple Guide For The Early Birds

Cherry guava also known as Strawberry guava, is a vibrant red or yellow guava that is now being farmed by only a few early birds in Kenya. This sweet variety of guava is said to have originated from Brazil. In Kenya, this delightful fruit has gained popularity for its sweet taste and nutritional value. Known for its sweet and aromatic flavor, cherry guava has become a sought-after exotic fruit in the Kenyan market. The rising interest in diverse and nutritious fruits has contributed to the increasing popularity of cherry guava.

A cherry guava plant.

Ideal soils and climatic conditions for the growth of Cherry Guava

Cherry guavas thrive in sandy or loamy soils that are rich in organic matter. The soils should be slightly acid to neutral with a pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.5. Good drainage is crucial to prevent waterlogging, which can adversely affect the roots.

Cherry guavas flourish best in areas with full sunlight and temperatures of between 25°C to 30°C. While it can tolerate brief periods of cooler temperatures, frost can cause you serious losses in cherry guava farming.

Cherry guava requires consistent rainfall or access to irrigation during the dry seasons. Adequate water supply is particularly crucial during flowering, fruiting stages, and all other important processes of a plant.

How do I cultivate my cherry guava?

Cultivating cherry guavas involves several key steps such as:

1.    Site selection

ü  Choose a well-drained location with full sunlight exposure.

ü  Ensure the soil in that site is rich in organic matter, slightly acidic to neutral pH, and has good drainage.

2.    Planting

ü  Cherry guavas can be propagated through seeds or cuttings. When planting either of them, it is very necessary to ensure proper spacing between the plants.

3.    Watering

ü  Provide regular and consistent watering, especially during dry periods. However, avoid waterlogging since cherry guavas prefers well- drained soil.

4.    Application of fertilizers

ü  During the growing season, it is necessary to use balanced fertilizers to support healthy plant development.

ü  Incorporate organic matter into the soil for added nutrients.

5.    Pruning

ü  Regular pruning is important as it helps shape the plant, control its size, and enhance fruit production.

ü  It helps in removal of dead or diseased branches to maintain overall plant health.

6.    Pest and Disease management

Cherry guavas are susceptible to various pests that include.

·      Aphids

Aphids feed on the sap of the cherry guava leaves, causing distortion and stunted growth.

·      Fruit flies

They lay eggs on the ripening guavas, leading to damage and potential loss.

·      White flies

These insects feed on the plant sap and can transmit diseases, leading to reduced plant vigor.

·      Scale insects

Scale insects also feed on the plant sap, resulting in reduced vigor, yellowing of leaves, stunted growth, and wilting.

Implementing preventive measures such as regular inspection, maintaining plant health, and using organic or chemical controls, when necessary, can help manage these pests effectively. Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies can be employed to minimize the impact of pests on the cherry guavas.

Maturity period for cherry guava.

The maturity period for cherry guava can vary depending on factors such as the specific variety of cherry guava, growing conditions, and cultivation practices but it generally begins to produce fruits within 2 or 3 years after planting.

Regular pruning and proper care during the early years can contribute to earlier fruiting. Once the cherry guava reaches maturity, harvesting time becomes regular.

Nutritional benefits.

Cherry guava is not only a tasty fruit but also packs a nutritional punch. It is rich in vitamin C, an antioxidant that supports the immune system, promotes healthy skin, and aids in collagen production. It also contains dietary fiber which aids in digestion, promotes bowel movement, and contributes to a feeling of fullness. Cherry guavas are also rich in Vitamin A and E which play a role in maintaining healthy skin, vision, and overall immune functions.

Peaches Farming in Kenya: Farming For Wealth and Health

Peaches farming in Kenya has attracted both backyard growers keen on getting the health benefits of the fruit and commercial farmers seeking to take advantage of the growing market. With a climate conducive to peach cultivation and a fast-growing demand for this delectable fruit, Kenyan farmers are finding new opportunities in peach orchards. We are sure this is one of the agribusiness opportunities you would like to explore so let us help you understand the various aspects of peach farming, from climate considerations to market trends.

A Productive peach plant

Best climate and soil conditions for peach farming in Kenya

Kenya’s tropical climate offers ideal conditions for the cultivation of the peach plant. Peaches thrive best in regions with a temperate climate, experiencing high or average rainfall and temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. Peaches can also grow in hotter areas but production reduces if the trees are exposed to very high temperatures over prolonged periods. 

Well-drained soils preferably loamy or sandy, contribute to the health and productivity of the peach plants. Of course, it is important to ensure that the soil contains well-balanced nutrients, and provide a generous addition of humus into the soil. Considering the above conditions, the central highlands and part of the Rift Valley provide the optimal conditions for successful peach farming. If you are still not sure if your farm is good for peaches farming, kindly invite us to assess and advice you further: 0724698357 or 0723213602.

Planting and cultivation

Successful peach farming requires careful consideration of planting and cultivation practices. When planting peach trees, ideal spacing is crucial for optimal growth and fruit production. A spacing of around 15 to 20 feet apart for a standard size peach and 8 to 10 feet apart for a dwarf size peach is essential for proper airflow and sunlight penetration. Adequate irrigation, especially during dry periods, ensures the peach plant flourishes. Mulching the plant around the base ensures it retains enough moisture.

Peach trees are required to be pruned annually. Pruning plays a pivotal role in the health and productivity of peach trees. It helps to remove dead or diseased wood, and it promotes air circulation and sunlight exposure.

Economic potential of peach farming in Kenya

Peach farming in Kenya holds promising economic potential due to its adaptability to diverse climates, increasing demand for exotic fruits, and potential for export, contributing to both local and international markets. As at the time wrote this (Dec 2023), a kilo of peaches was retailing at Ksh1,500 at Carrefour.

Retail Price of Peaches in Kenya

With the right agricultural practices and suitable regions, peaches can thrive, providing a valuable cash crop. As global markets show a growing interest in exotic fruits, Kenyan peaches could find a niche, leading to increased exports and earnings.

Market for peaches

The market for peaches is very promising. Locally, there’s a growing demand for fresh, high-quality peaches, driven by health-conscious consumers. Additionally, the global market for exotic fruits presents an opportunity for Kenyan peaches, especially in regions where they are not locally cultivated. Establishing connections with supermarkets, farmers’ markets, and international distributors can open avenues for both domestic and export sales.

Peach Fruit.

We might not have covered all that you need to know about peaches farming in Kenya, but we are willing to answer any questions you have. Do not hesitate to send us those questions on Whatsapp 0724698357, 0723213602, or 0798919007. With our guidance, proper management, and favorable conditions, you can turn your land into a profitable peaches orchard. 

Dwarf Fruit Tree Varieties: Why You Should Consider Farming Dwarf Varieties

Dwarf fruit varieties are small -sized fruit bearing plants that typically range from 5 to 8 feet tall. They are produced by grafting or budding the desired variety on to a dwarfing stock. This helps maintain the desired characteristics while minimizing the overall size. Sometimes genetic modification is also employed to achieve specific dwarfing effects. Despite their size, dwarf trees can be quite productive, offering a bounty of fruits.

 Examples of dwarf fruit tree varieties include Calina papaya IPB9 Pawpaw, dwarf citrus varieties like pixie orange and Washington navel, hass avocado among others.

                                             

 Why should you consider farming dwarf fruit tree varieties?

1.    Space efficiency

Due to their small width, dwarf varieties take up less space hence they really save up on space and this makes them suitable for planting in small gardens. Space efficiency opens possibilities for individuals to engage in fruitful gardening experiences, regardless of their outdoor or indoor spaces.

2.      Easier maintenance

Most dwarf varieties grow up to a maximum of about 8 feet tall and due to this size pruning, spraying and overall care is more manageable since it is easier to reach all parts of the tree.

3.      Quicker maturity

Dwarf trees often mature up faster and bear fruits earlier than their standard counterparts. A farmer basically gets to enjoy their harvest sooner.

4.      Accessibility for harvesting

Harvesting of dwarf fruits is more convenient since they are shorter. There is no need for ladders since the fruits can easily be reached.

5.      Container gardening                              

Dwarf varieties are a perfect choice for growing in containers and this is a good opportunity for people with limited space who would want to still enjoy home grown fruits.    

Dwarf fruit varieties are a practical choice for those with space constraints or those who want low- maintenance fruit trees.

Sweet Yellow Passion Farming in Kenya: A 2024 Worthy Investment

Over the past decade, the passion fruit industry has experienced a sweet revolution, with an increasing focus on the cultivation of the vibrant yellow variety. This is attributed to the fruit’s high demand, both locally and internationally, thanks to its unique flavour profile and versatile uses. Sweet yellow passion is a variety of passion fruit that is rich in vitamins and antioxidants and is grown with eco-friendly practices, and this has made consumers to increasingly value its produce.

Sweet yellow passion fruit.

In recent years, there’s been a notable trend towards sustainable and organic passion fruit farming in Kenya.

The economic potential of sweet yellow passion.

Sweet yellow passion with its enticing flavour and nutritional benefits, has a significant economic potential in Kenya. The high demand for passion fruit, both domestically and internationally, creates lucrative opportunities for farmers. Beyond fresh consumption, the fruit is sought after for its use in juice production and culinary applications. Success in the sweet yellow passion market depends on factors such as quality control, efficient supply chains and understanding the market trends. Farmers who are able to navigate such factors effectively can capitalize on the favourable market conditions for sweet yellow passion, making it a potentially rewarding venture.

Ideal growing conditions for sweet yellow passion.

a)   Soil

Sweet yellow passion thrives best in well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter with a slightly acidic to neutral pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. Good drainage is crucial to prevent waterlogging, which can be detrimental to the plant.

b)   Climate

Yellow passion prefers a subtropical to tropical climate. It thrives in warm climates with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. They require a frost-free environment.

c)    Sunlight

Sweet yellow passion fruit plant requires full sunlight for optimal growth and fruit production. They should receive at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

d)   Rainfall

While passion fruit can tolerate some drought, it generally benefits from regular rainfall. Supplemental irrigation is necessary if there is a shortage of rain.

e)   Wind protection

In areas prone to strong wind, it is advisable to provide windbreaks so as to protect the delicate vines of the sweet yellow passion.

Areas that have successfully cultivated sweet yellow passion.

Sweet yellow passion fruits can be cultivated in various regions in Kenya that have suitable climatic conditions. In Kenya, areas with moderate temperatures, well-distributed rainfall, and good sunlight are conducive to sweet yellow passion fruit farming. Regions like Thika, Murang’a, Bungoma, and parts of Rift Valley are known for successful passion fruit cultivation.

How best can you plant your sweet yellow passion? 

Step by step process for planting sweet yellow.

               i.         Choose a suitable site and prepare it.

ü  The location should be well-drained with fertile soil and access to sunlight.

ü  Prepare the soil by removing debris and weeds.

ü  Enhance soil fertility by incorporating organic matter like compost.

             ii.         Dig Pits or Trenches.

ü  The pits or the trenches should be approximately 2 feet wide and 2 feet deep. The spacing should depend on the specific variety and the local recommendations.

            iii.         Planting.

ü  Acquire healthy ready to plant sweet yellow passion seedlings from Richfarm Kenya. Call 0724698357/0723213602/0798919007 to order your seedlings.

ü  Plant your seedlings at the centre of each pit or trench and make sure to cover the roots. with enough soil.

            iv.         Watering.

ü  Water the seedlings immediately after planting to help establish root systems.

              v.         Support structures.

ü  Yellow passion is a climbing vine, and it therefore needs support structures such as trellises to facilitate vertical growth.

            vi.         Mulching.

ü  Apply organic mulch around the base of the seedlings to retain moisture and suppress weed growth.

Fruiting and maturity period of sweet yellow passion

The fruiting and maturity period for sweet yellow passion can vary depending on management practices. Sweet yellow Passion generally takes 8 to 12 months from planting to the first harvest. Regular and proper care, including watering, fertilization, and pest control, can influence the fruiting timeline.

Sweet yellow passion farming presents a promising venture with significant economic potential. With proper care and adherence to best practices, farmers can harness the market demand for sweet yellow passion, turning it in to a rewarding and sustainable agricultural endeavour.

French Beans( Mishiri) Farming in Kenya

French beans, scientifically known as Phaseolus vulgaris and locally known as “mishiri” are a popular and lucrative crop for farmers. Originating from Central and South America, these greens have found a thriving home in the diverse agricultural landscape of Kenya.

Ideal Growing Conditions for French beans.

French beans, with their delicate tendrils and crisp pods, flourish under specific environmental conditions. To cultivate a thriving mishiri plantation in Kenya, it’s essential to consider the following factors.

1.    Soil Quality

French beans prefer well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. Sandy-loamy soils are particularly suitable, ensuring that water doesn’t accumulate around the roots. A soil pH. of between 6.0 to 7.5 should be maintained for optimal nutrient absorption.

2.    Sunlight Requirements

French beans are sun-loving plants. The location where you plant your french beans should be receiving a maximum of 8 -10 hours of sunlight daily to ensure photosynthesis, promoting healthy growth and abundant pond development.

3.    Temperature

French beans require a temperature of between 18 to 24 degrees Celsius. They are sensitive to extreme temperatures, so providing a moderate climate encourages steady growth.

4.    Watering practices

Adequate and consistent watering is crucial for growth of french beans, especially during the flowering and pod-setting stages. At all costs a farmer should avoid waterlogging, as it can lead to root diseases. Implement a drip irrigation ensuring the soil remains consistently moist.

How many French beans per acre?

For optimal yield and growth, it’s recommended to plant about 10-15 kilograms of seeds per acre. The seeding density allows for proper spacing between the plants, ensuring each plant receives adequate sunlight, nutrients, and airflow for healthy development. However, the actual number may vary slightly based on factors such as the specific variety, local conditions, and farming practices.

How profitable is French beans farming in Kenya?

French beans are one of the crops that dominates the Kenya’s export market. French beans have a consistent demand both locally and internationally. High demand in European and Middle Eastern markets provide export opportunities, contributing to potential profitability.

French beans have a relatively short harvesting cycle, typically 45 to 65 days. The ability to harvest multiple times within a growing season increases the overall yield and potential income.

However, challenges such as fluctuating market prices, weather conditions and potential pests and diseases can impact profitability. Farmers need to stay informed about market trends, adopt sustainable farming practices, and continuously improve their techniques to maximize profits.

Harvesting French beans.

French beans usually mature 45 to 65 days from planting. Harvesting at the right stage is very crucial for quality produce. French beans should be harvested when the pods are firm, crisp, and about 10-12 centimetres long. Pods at this stage are at their peak flavour and have a longer shelf life. Their harvesting frequency should be every 2-3 days. Regular harvesting promotes continuous flowering and pod development.

In harvesting French beans, two techniques can be used i.e., Hand harvesting and use of scissors or shears.

Most French beans are hand- harvested to avoid damage to the delicate pods. Harvesters need to be careful not to injure the plant or neighbouring pods during the process. Using sharp scissors or shears is another technique that helps minimize damage to the plant and ensures a clean cut, facilitating faster healing for the next round of pod development.

Pests and Diseases that affect French beans.

French beans are susceptible to various pests and diseases, and effective management is crucial for a successful harvest. Here are common pests and diseases that affect French beans.

Ø  Aphids

They feed on the plant sap distorting the plant growth and transmitting viruses.

Control: Use insecticidal soaps and neem oil to manage aphid infestations.

Ø  Thrips

Thrips feed on leaves, causing stippling and silvering of the surface.

Control: Use insecticidal sprays and maintain good weed control to manage thrips.

Ø  Cutworms

These are nocturnal larvae that cut through stems at the soil level.

Control: Use biological control methods.

Ø  Angular leaf spot

This disease causes water-soaked lesions that later turn brown and angular on leaves. It can be managed through use of copper-based fungicides, practising crop rotation, and generally planting disease resistant variety.

Ø  Bacterial Wilt

It causes wilting and yellowing of the french beans’ leaves. Soil sanitation is essential for managing bacterial wilt.

Regular monitoring, timely intervention, and preventive measures such as maintaining good farm hygiene and using disease- resistant varieties are key to managing pests and diseases in French beans farming.