Blueberry farming in Kenya: The New Gold in Agribusiness

Blueberry farming in Kenya is a highly profitable and sustainable venture, most probably owing to the fact that it is a new kind of farming in the country. The fruit is known for its high nutrient content and antioxidant properties, making it a popular choice among health-conscious consumers. The demand for these berries has been higher than supply and it keeps growing as more people become aware of it.

Blueberry farming in Kenya

The blueberry consumers in Kenya have previously been buying imported blueberries from America and Europe. However, thanks to Kakuzi, the first blueberry grower in Kenya, farmers have now discovered that this expensive fruit can grow very well in Kenya and are going into it.  Today, we will teach you how to grow your own blueberries and get a piece of its high profit market.

Ecological Requirements

To grow blueberries successfully, farmers must pay attention to the soil, climatic conditions and water requirements of the crop.

Soil

Blueberries require well-drained acidic soil with a pH of between 4.5 and 5.5. Of course, you have to do your soil test to ensure that all other soil components such as Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium are within adequate levels for healthy plant growth.

Climate

Blueberries require a cool climate with temperatures between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius. The crop also requires relatively high amounts of water supply to sustain a healthy and productive growth.

Water and irrigation requirements

Sufficient amounts of water for growing blueberries can be described as that which will maintain the soils as consistently moist but not waterlogged. Remember, the bushes are sensitive to excess water and can develop root rot. Therefore, the crop requires regular watering either through irrigation or rainfall. This is best done through drip irrigation, which applies water directly to the roots, or through overhead sprinklers for the hotter areas to keep the leaves cool and reduce the risk of sunburn.

 

Areas Growing Blueberries in Kenya

In Kenya, the highlands of the Central and Western regions, such as the Aberdare Ranges and Mount Kenya, provide the ideal conditions for blueberry cultivation in open fields.

Currently, blueberries are being grown in a few of these regions, mainly in Murang’a by Kakuzi limited. At the moment, Kakuzi grows the fruits in pots under a greenhouse covering 10 hectares. This is the largest successful blueberry farm in Kenya for now.

 

Health Benefits of Blueberries

Blueberries are a highly nutritious fruit that offer a range of health benefits. They are low in calories and high in fiber, vitamin C, vitamin K, and antioxidants, including anthocyanins.

The king of antioxidants

One of the key benefits of blueberries is their antioxidant content. Antioxidants help to protect the body against damage from free radicals, which can lead to chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Blueberries, in particular, have a high concentration of anthocyanins, which are a type of antioxidant that gives the berries their blue color. These anthocyanins have been shown to improve cardiovascular health, lower blood pressure, and improve brain function.

Rich source of vitamins

In addition to their antioxidant content, blueberries are also a good source of vitamin C and vitamin K. Vitamin C is an important nutrient for maintaining a healthy immune system, while vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and bone health. Blueberries also contain a moderate amount of fiber, which can help to promote digestion and regulate blood sugar levels.

Protects you from Chronic diseases by their anti-inflammatory characteristics

Furthermore, blueberries have been found to have anti-inflammatory effects, which can help to reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and Alzheimer's disease. These anti-inflammatory effects may be due to the presence of compounds called flavonoids, which are also found in blueberries.

Weight management

Eating blueberries regularly can also aid in weight management, as they are low in calories and high in fiber, which can help to promote feelings of fullness and reduce overall calorie intake.

Market and Price

The market for blueberries in Kenya is rapidly growing, with increasing demand from both local and international buyers. These fruits are currently available only in select supermarkets. The price of blueberries in Kenya is currently between Ksh1,600-2,000 per kilogram, depending on the quality of fruit.

How to Start Your Own Blueberry Farm

Starting a blueberry farm in Kenya at the moment might require you to dig a little deeper into your pocket, but it is worth it. Here’s what you need:

1. Choose the right variety: Different varieties of blueberries have different soil and climate requirements, so it's important to choose a variety that is well-suited to your growing conditions. Highbush blueberries are the most commonly grown variety and can tolerate a wide range of climates and soil types, while lowbush and rabbiteye blueberries are a bit sensitive and not ideal for starters.
2. Prepare the soil: Blueberries prefer loam or sandy loam soils. The red volcanic soils of central Kenya are ideal since they are also slightly acidic, giving the required pH of 4.5 to 5.5. If your soil is not naturally acidic, you can amend it with animal manure, rabbit Urine or peat moss to lower the pH. Additionally, you should add compost manure matter to the soil to improve its fertility and structure.
3. Ensure recommended spacing: For highbush blueberries, a common spacing is 4-5 feet between plants and 8-10 feet between rows. This allows for proper air circulation and sunlight penetration, which can help to prevent disease and promote fruit production. For lowbush and rabbiteye blueberries, which are smaller in size, a spacing of 2-3 feet between plants and 4-5 feet between rows is recommended.
4. It's also important to note that blueberries can be grown in containers, in this case, the container should be at least 18 inches in diameter and deep enough to accommodate the plants root system. A spacing of 2-3 feet between plants is recommended in this case.
5. Plant at the right location: Blueberries should be planted on a location that gets full sun for at least 8 hours a day. Hence do not plant them under big trees that cast shadows on them.
6. Provide proper irrigation: Blueberries require regular watering during the growing season to keep the soil consistently moist. This typically means providing 1-1.5 inches of water per week, either through irrigation or rainfall.
7. Prune and maintain the bushes: Blueberries require regular pruning to remove dead or diseased wood, and to promote bush growth. Prune the bushes just before the rains. Additionally, it's important to keep an eye out for pests or diseases that could damage the bushes.
8. Fertilize: Blueberries benefit from regular fertilization, especially with an acidic fertilizer that has a high percentage of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) such as: 5-10-10, 8-8-8 or 10-10-10.

 

Blueberry farming

Note: It is recommended to plant more than one blueberry variety on your farm to help in crosspollination which improves the quality of fruits. When planting multiple varieties of blueberries, it's important to ensure that they are compatible in terms of bloom time and pollination.

 

Profitability of blueberry farming in Kenya:

Blueberry farming in Kenya is highly profitable because of the low supply against a high and growing demand. An acre of land can accommodate approximately 2,000 bushes. The bushes start bearing fruits after 2 years and the yield keeps increasing to peak at 4 years when the plants fully mature.

At maturity, a single blueberry bush can produce 5kgs of fruits per year. That means you can get 10 tons of fruit from one acre. At the current price of Ksh1600, you would be making Ksh16 million in revenue if you sell directly to the end consumers.

Where to buy blueberry seedlings

There aren’t many blueberry seedlings for sale in Kenya. However, you can get high quality seedlings from Richfarm Kenya from time to time. You can reach them on +254724698357 or +254723213602 to order for your seedlings. You might need to wait in line for your seedlings to be produced.

 

 

Dragon Fruit Seedlings For Sale: The Best Prices In Kenya

We are excited that dragon fruit farming is gaining interest in Kenya and our neighbouring East African Countries. This means that this nutritious fruit will soon be available in the supermarkets and fruit vendors that have not been having supply. Our people will finally be able to enjoy the fruit that has for a long time been only for the rich.

People enjoying dragon fruits

Where to buy dragon fruit seedlings in Kenya

To help in this process, our company is giving a limited time price offer for the dragon fruit seedlings you need to grow this fruit by yourself. So, if you have been looking for a new and exciting crop to add to your farm or garden, look no further than dragon fruit!

Dragon fruit, also known as pitaya or strawberry pear, is a tropical fruit that is gaining popularity in Kenya and around the world for its unique taste and health benefits. As a grower of high-quality dragon fruit seedlings, we are excited to offer not only our seedlings to farmers and gardeners looking to expand their crop selection, but also a fully guided farming experience.

Health benefits of dragon fruit

The fruit has an inviting bright pink or red skin and it has an amazingly sweet and juicy flesh. Not only is it visually striking, but it is also packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making it a great choice for health-conscious consumers.

Health benefits of dragon fruit

The best part of growing this fruit is that the dragon fruit plant is versatile. It is therefore easy to grow, and can be grown in a variety of soils and climates, making it a choice for farmers in many different places in Kenya. Additionally, the fruit is high-yielding, providing farmers with a significant return on investment.

Dragon fruit farming in Naivasha, Kenya

We have actually written for you a detailed step-by-step guide for growing dragon fruits. You can read it here: Dragon Fruit Farming Guide.

But the benefits don't stop there! Dragon fruit is also incredibly versatile in its uses as well. While it is commonly eaten fresh, it can also be used to make jams, jellies, and even wine – you should visit our Naivasha nursery to have a taste of dragon fruit wine. This versatility makes it an appealing choice for a wide range of consumers, from those looking for a healthy snack to those looking for new and unique ingredients for their cooking and baking.

Our dragon fruit seedlings are grown with care and are of the highest quality, ensuring that you get the best start to your dragon fruit crop. We raise them from nature, fruiting plants so that it takes you the shortest time to get your first harvest: just one year, imagine! We also provide tips and practical on-farm guidance on how to properly care for and grow your seedlings, ensuring a successful harvest.

Dragon fruit seedlings for sale at Richfarm Kenya

Don't miss out on this exciting price offer this January to add dragon fruit to your farm or garden. Down from Ksh500 you will now be able to buy the rooted seedlings at only Ksh300. That means you get to save a whole Ksh400,000 for 1-acre seedlings. Call us on 0724698357 / 0723213602 to make your order at least 10 seedlings to enjoy the offer. This is a limited time offer.

You can pick your dragon fruit seedlings from our Naivasha nursery (0723213602), Embu nursery (0798919007) or order through 0724698357 to have them sent to you. 

Pineapple farming in Kenya: How to Make 800K per hectare

Pineapple farming in Kenya has become a lucrative source of income for upcoming agribusiness investors. The country's warm climate and fertile soils make it ideal for growing pineapples, and the demand for the fruit both domestically and internationally has led to an increase in pineapple farming. In this article, we will what you need in order to start a profitable pineapple farming venture. 

Pineapple farming in Kenya, Malindi

Let us start with explaining the best climatic and soil conditions for pineapple production.

Ecological Requirements for pineapple farming

Temperature

Pineapple is a tropical crop that requires a warm and humid climate to grow well. In Kenya, the ideal temperature range for pineapple farming is between 21-32 degrees Celsius.

Rainfall

The crop requires average amount of rainfall, which typically should be between 600 and 1500 mm per year. In areas that experience lower rainfall amounts, the water needs of the plant should be supplemented by irrigation.

Soil

The soil should be well-drained and rich in organic matter, with a pH range of 5.5-6.5. However, they also do well in acidic soils of pH level as low as 4.5. Actually, the acidic condition of the soils can help to reduce the chances of pineapple plants being affected by soilborne diseases.

Areas in Kenya where Pineapple farming is practiced

 

Pineapple farming in Kenya is mainly concentrated in the coastal region, specifically in areas such as Kilifi, Mombasa, Kwale, and Taita Taveta. In fact, pineapple farming in Malindi is one of the factors that have recently been attracting so many land buyers to this area.

Young Pineapple farm in Malindi

The larger coastal area also has the ideal climate and soil conditions for pineapple farming. However, in recent years, pineapple farming has also spread to other regions such as Meru, Tharaka Nithi, and Embu, where farmers are using irrigation to grow the crop. The most notable farm, of course, is the expansive DelMonte farm in Thika which has opened the eyes of Kenyans to the potential of pineapple farming. They have acres upon acres of pineapple making it look easy to produce this juicy fruit. But how easy is it?

 

How to actually grow juicy pineapples at the farm

Selecting the best variety

Profitable pineapple farming in Kenya starts with selecting the right variety of pineapple. The most common variety grown in the country is the "Smooth Cayenne" which is known for its high yield and sweet taste.

Land preparation

The next step is preparing the land for planting. This involves clearing the land, ploughing, and adding organic matter to the soil. As we always suggest, this is the best time to carry out your soil test to help you know which soil components you need to adjust and to what extent.

Transplanting pineapple seedlings

The pineapple plants are then propagated using slips, which are shoots that are cut from the stem of a mature pineapple plant. You can order these slips from pineapple seedlings propagator, Richfarm Kenya, by calling 0724698357/0723213602.

Spacing

The pineapple slips are best planted on raised beds 60 cm wide, with 2 rows on each side of the bed. The spacing from one bed to the next is put at 100 cm while the spacing from plant to plant on all rows is 30 cm. With this spacing, 1 acre accommodates around 23,000 plants. The plants require regular weeding, fertilization, and irrigation to ensure optimal growth and high yield of big quality fruits.

Pests and diseases affecting pineapples

Pineapples are relatively hardy plants, so pests and diseases are not quite a threat. However, there are some common pests that affect pineapples such as scale insects, mealybugs, and aphids. These pests feed on the sap of the plant, causing leaves to yellow and wilt, and can also attract ants. To control these pests, you can use a solution of water and dish soap, or you can use an insecticidal soap.

Another common pest that affects pineapples is the pineapple weevil, which can cause the fruit to rot and the leaves to wilt. To control this pest, you can use a pesticide specifically designed to target weevils.

Diseases that can affect pineapples include leaf spot, fruit rot, and mosaic virus. Leaf spot is caused by a fungus and results in brown or black spots on the leaves. To control this disease, you can use a fungicide specifically designed to target leaf spot.

Fruit rot can be caused by a number of factors, including poor drainage and high humidity. To control this disease, it's important to keep the area around the pineapple plant clean and dry, and to avoid overcrowding. Mosaic virus is caused by a virus and results in mottled or discoloured leaves. There is no cure for mosaic virus, so the best way to control it is to remove and destroy infected plants.

It is always recommendable to use organic methods as much as possible to prevent and control pests and diseases. Also, monitoring the plant regularly and keeping the surrounding area clean and free of debris can help prevent pest and disease problems.

 

Maturity and Harvesting

 

Pineapple plants take approximately 18 to 24 months to mature and are ready for harvest. The maturity of a pineapple can be determined by the colour of the fruit, which should be a uniform golden-yellow. Additionally, the leaves on the crown of the pineapple should be a deep green colour and the base of the fruit should be firm to the touch.

The best time to harvest a pineapple is when the fruit is fully ripe and the leaves at the base of the fruit can be easily pulled out. This indicates that the pineapple has reached peak sweetness and flavour. Harvesting is done by cutting off the fruit from the stem using a sharp knife. Ensure to leave a small portion of the crown attached to the fruit.

The pineapple plants will typically fruit only once, after which they die off. However, you can use the slips, suckers or crowns that are produced by the mother plant before it dies, to raise new plants. These new plants will be genetically identical to the mother plant and will fruit in the same way.

 

Why pineapple farming in Kenya has become very lucrative

 

The demand for pineapples in Kenya is high, both domestically and internationally. The main domestic market for pineapples is in urban areas, where the fruit is consumed fresh or processed into juice, jams, and canned pineapples. Kenya also exports fresh pineapples to countries such as the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Germany. However, the pineapple processing industry seems to give the best prospects even for those looking at capturing the export market.

 

Profitability of Pineapple farming in Kenya

 

Pineapple farming in Kenya is a profitable venture, with returns that are higher than those of other crops such as maize and beans. The cost of planting and maintaining a hectare of pineapple is around KES 500,000-800,000. The yield per hectare is around 60-80 tonnes, with a selling price of KES 15-20 per kilogram. This translates to a gross income of KES 900,000-1,600,000 per hectare, with a profit margin of KES 400,000-800,000 per hectare.

I wish to write all you need to know in this one article but I know that might not be possible all at once. However, we are available on call to answer all your questions. Do not hesitate to call us on 0724698257 or 0723213602 and ask any questions you might be having. We will be glad to use your feedback to improve this article.

Spinach Farming: How To Make Ksh500,000 From An Acre Of Spinach In 3 Months

Spinach is a popular leafy vegetable and it’s farming is practiced in many parts of Kenya. Farmers produce it as an important cash crop since it is highly marketable. Spinach also takes a very short time of about 6 to 8 weeks to mature, hence giving the investor quick returns. This beautiful green vegetable is loved for its high nutritional value.

Spinach farming in Kenya

Nutritional Value of Spinach

Spinach is an excellent source of vitamin K, which is important for blood clotting and bone health. Spinach also contains high amounts of vitamin A, which is important for maintaining healthy vision and immune function. Additionally, spinach is a good source of vitamin C, which is important for collagen synthesis and antioxidant activity. 

Spinach also contains significant amounts of folate, which is important for cell growth and development, and iron, which is important for blood health. Spinach also contains smaller amounts of several other vitamins and minerals, including calcium, potassium, and magnesium. It is a low calorie leafy green vegetable that can be consumed raw, steamed, sautéed and it is considered as a superfood.

How to make money with spinach farming in Kenya

To successfully grow spinach in Kenya, it is important to understand the ecological requirements, land preparation, seedling transplanting and spacing, fertilizer application, common pests and their control, common diseases and their control, harvesting and packaging and marketing.

Ecological requirements

Spinach grows best in cool temperatures, with a range of 15 to 20 degrees Celsius. They require a lot of water to grow well hence performing best in high rainfall areas or under irrigation.

Spinach farming in Kenya under irrigation

Spinach can be grown in a wide range of soils, but well-drained, fertile soils are ideal. Spinach prefers a slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 6.8. It is a frost-sensitive crop and therefore should be planted during the warmer months of the year.

 

Land preparation

Before planting your spinach, the land should be ploughed and harrowed to a fine tilth. This will help to remove any large clumps of soil and remove any weeds that may compete with your crop for soil nutrients. The soil should be well-drained and have a good supply of organic matter. If the soils are more of clay than loam, you can still plant spinach but make sure you do this on raised beds.

 

Seedling transplanting and spacing

Spinach seedlings should be transplanted when they are around four weeks old. To achieve the best results, you should ensure that you plant well raised, disease-free seedlings. You can get ready to plant spinach seedlings from Richfarm Kenya Nurseries by visiting them or ordering through 0724698357 or 0723213602.

When transplanting spinach, the seedlings should be spaced at a distance of 30 x 30 cm in the row. With this spacing, one acre will accommodate 32,000 plants of spinach. This will allow the plants to develop properly and produce a good yield.

 

Fertilizer application

Spinach requires a moderate amount of fertilizer application to grow well. A general fertilizer application of NPK 20-20-20 at the rate of 50 kg/acre is recommended. The fertilizer should be applied at planting time and then again when the plants are about 20 cm tall. However, it is always important to start with a soil test to establish if there are nutrients significantly lacking in your soil so you can add more of that.

 

Common pests and their control

Common pests that affect spinach include aphids, flea beetles, cutworms and leaf miners. These pests can be controlled by using insecticides or by using cultural methods such as crop rotation and proper sanitation.

Aphids

Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of spinach leaves. They can cause distorted growth and discoloration of leaves. To control aphids organically, farmers can use insecticidal soap, neem oil or horticultural oil. They can also use beneficial insects like ladybugs, lacewings and parasitic wasps to control aphid population. There are a number of chemical solutions that you can also use to control aphids in spinach farming if you choose to go this way. We would recommend Kingcode Elite or Loyalty from Green Life chemicals.

Flea beetles

Flea beetles are small, black or brown beetles that feed on the leaves of spinach, leaving small, round holes. They can cause severe damage to young plants. To control flea beetles, farmers can use paper mulch to prevent them from reaching the plants, and they can also use insecticides like pyrethrin or carbaryl.

Cutworms

Cutworms are the larval stage of certain moths, they are often found in the soil and feed on the stems of spinach plants, cutting them off at ground level. To control cutworms, farmers can use Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) a biological insecticide, or they can use traps to catch the adult moths. Rotating crops and removing debris from the field can also help reduce the population of cutworms.

Leaf miners

Leaf miners are the larvae of certain types of flies, moths, and beetles that feed on the leaves of spinach, creating winding, white or brown trails within the leaf tissue. They can cause significant damage to spinach leaves, and heavy infestations can cause wilting and death of the affected plants.

There are several methods that can be used to control leaf miners in spinach. One method is using paper mulch, which prevent the adult insects from laying eggs on the spinach leaves. Another method is using sticky traps, which trap adult insects before they can lay eggs. Removing infested leaves and destroying them, cleaning up debris and rotating spinach with other crops also helps in controlling leaf miners.

If you decide using insecticides that specifically target leaf miners, then consider neonicotinoids, spinosyns, and avermectins. These insecticides can be applied as a foliar spray, a soil drench or as a seed treatment.

It is important to note that when using pesticides, farmers should always follow the instructions on the label and use the minimum amount necessary to control the pest. Integrated pest management (IPM) approach that combines multiple methods can be effective in controlling pests without harming the environment.

Common diseases and their control

Common diseases that affect spinach include powdery mildew, downy mildew and white rust. These diseases can be controlled by using fungicides or by using cultural methods such as crop rotation and proper sanitation.

 

Harvesting and packaging Spinach

Spinach takes just 4 weeks from seedling transplanting to maturity. They should be harvested when the leaves are fully grown and attain a dark green colour. One plant will give you several pickings in its lifetime. After picking the mature leaves, give the plant 5 to 7 days and you will have another lot ready for harvesting.

The leaves should be picked by hand and packed into crates or bags for transportation to the market. The leaves should not be stacked too high as this will damage the lower leaves. It is important to harvest spinach early in the day when the leaves are still crisp and before the sun gets too hot.

 

Marketing spinach in Kenya

Spinach market in Kenya is so wide that you cannot exhaust it. However, you will need to put some effort in marketing in order to get the maximum profit from your spinach farming projects. To fetch the best prices I suggest using the following 3 strategies:

1. Leveraging Social Media: Using social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter to let people know that you are producing high quality spinach will attract you buyers you never imagined. You can go a notch higher and create a campaign using influencers, chefs, nutritionists and dietitians to demonstrate the versatility of your spinach; even suggest how it can be prepared in different dishes. This will greatly increase consumer interest and demand for the product.
2. Partnering with supermarkets and restaurants: Partnering with supermarkets and restaurants in Kenya is a great way to directly sell your spinach to the end consumer. However, to do this, you must have high quality products and most importantly, a consistent production.
3. Leveraging referrals and word of mouth: if you produce enough high quality spinach, you can ask your buyers to pass inform other interested buyers in the local markets. The word can spread fast if they love your product and you will get buyers flocking to your farm gate every day. 

How profitable Spinach farming in Kenya is

Spinach farming in Kenya is a highly profitable venture for farmers. The demand for spinach is increasing fast because of the growing population and an increasing awareness of the nutritional benefits of consuming leafy greens. Additionally, spinach is a relatively easy crop to grow and can be grown in a variety of conditions, making it accessible to farmers with different levels of experience and resources.

The profitability of spinach farming in Kenya can vary depending on factors such as the cost of inputs, the yield per acre, and the price of the crop at market.

As a rough estimate, it can cost around Ksh100,000 – 150,000 to farm one acre of spinach in Kenya: this includes the cost of seedlings, fertilizer, labour, pest and disease management. This cost can vary depending on the location, the type of spinach variety and the farming methods used.

In terms of expected returns, spinach is considered a high-value crop, and farmers can potentially earn a significant profit from farming one acre of spinach. Spinach is in high demand in Kenya, particularly in urban areas. However, the price of spinach can vary depending on the season and market conditions. A farmer can expect to earn around Ksh300,000 to Ksh500,000 from one acre of spinach.

This is an estimate and the actual returns may vary based on the factors mentioned earlier, such as the cost of inputs and the price of the crop at market. It's also important to note that farming spinach is a business and farmers should do proper market research, have a well-laid plan and have a good understanding of their costs and potential returns before committing to farming an acre of spinach. 

Watermelon Farming In Kenya: A Farmer's Guide For High Yields

Watermelon farming in Kenya is one of those short-term farming projects that one can invest in for a quick return. You only have to wait for less about 3 months and your investment starts paying off. And the good thing is that the market for watermelons is ever ready.

Watermelon is so much loved by Kenyans and you will find nice beautiful chops of the fruits on people's tables be it for breakfast, lunch or even supper. In fact, there is no wedding, birthday party, baby shower, ruracio or any other celebration that is complete without watermelons. All this demand makes the watermelon market not only available but also highly rewarding.

But can anyone farm watermelon and make a profit? Let me take you through the requirements for a successful watermelon farming venture in Kenya. 

Best places for growing watermelon in Kenya

Kenya has a favorable climate for growing watermelons, with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius and an annual rainfall of between 600mm and 1,200mm. These conditions are ideal for the growth of watermelon, which requires a lot of sunlight and water.

Watermelon farming in Kenya

As such, the areas in Kenya that experience hot climate such as Baringo, Narok, Kajiado, Machakos and Makueni are the leading producers of watermelon. 

Best soil conditions for watermelon farming

Watermelon requires well-draining, sandy loam soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Adequate soil moisture is also important, as the plant requires consistent moisture throughout the growing season to produce high-quality fruit. Additionally, it's a good idea to add a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to the soil prior to planting to ensure that the plants have the necessary nutrients to grow and produce fruit. Ample sun exposure is also crucial for watermelon growth, as the plants need at least 8 hours of direct sunlight per day to produce sweet and juicy fruit.

Watermelon farming in Kenya is done mainly by small-scale farmers, who grow the crop on small plots of land. The crop is planted in raised beds to ensure good drainage and to prevent waterlogging. Watermelons are often grown together with other crops, such as maize and beans, which helps to optimize the use of land and increase yields.

Watermelon intercropped with other fruits and vegetables in Embu

How to plant watermelon

Watermelon is a warm-weather crop that is best planted during the warm weather periods. To plant watermelon, prepare a sunny location in your farm with well-drained soil. Rows should be spaced 3 to 6 feet apart, with individual plants spaced 3 to 4 feet apart within the rows.

1. Dig holes for the plants that are about twice as wide and just as deep as the root ball.
2. Add a few inches of compost or well-rotted manure to the bottom of each hole.
3. Place a seedling in each hole and backfill the soil, tamping it down gently around the roots. You can get ready-to-plant seedlings from Richfarm Kenya nurseries in Embu and Naivasha.
4. Water the seedlings thoroughly to help them settle into the soil.
5. As the plants grow, keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Watermelons require about 1 inch of water per week, either from rainfall or supplemental irrigation.
6. (Optional) Provide support for the plants as they grow, such as using a trellis or staking them to prevent the fruit from dragging on the ground.

How to increase watermelon yield

To improve yields, farmers in Kenya use a variety of techniques, such as crop rotation, proper soil management, and the use of fertilizers and pesticides. Irrigation is also commonly used, especially in areas where rainfall is inadequate.

Watermelon market

Kenya's watermelon production has increased in recent years due to increased demand for the fruit both domestically and internationally. The country exports watermelons to several countries in the region, including Uganda and Tanzania. Additionally, the country's supermarkets and street vendors also sell large quantities of watermelons, especially during the hotter months when the fruit is in high demand.

Profitability of watermelon farming in Kenya

Watermelon farming in Kenya has the potential to be a profitable venture for farmers. The cost of production for watermelon farming in Kenya is relatively low, as the majority of the inputs needed, such as seeds, labor, and land, are readily available. The cost of seeds is around Ksh11,000 for half a kg which is enough to plant 1 acre.

Watermelon farming requires adequate irrigation, which can be costly to install, but it can also increase yields and improve the overall quality of the fruits. The cost of labour can vary depending on the size of the farm and the methods used to cultivate the watermelons. The average cost of labour in most parts of Kenya is around Ksh500 per day.

In terms of returns, watermelon farming in Kenya can yield high returns. The average yield per acre is around 15,000 - 20,000 kg and the average price for a watermelon is around Ksh30/kg. With proper management and optimal weather conditions, a farmer can expect to earn a gross income of around Ksh450,000 to Ksh6,000 per acre.

It's important to note that this can change according to the local markets, climates, pests and management practices. Also the prices of watermelon in Kenya can be fluctuate with the season. It's also important to conduct thorough research and due diligence when considering watermelon farming in Kenya.

Challenges facing watermelon farming in Kenya

However, watermelon farming in Kenya is also faced with some challenges. Diseases, pests, and weather-related issues can lead to significant losses for farmers. Additionally, small-scale farmers often lack access to modern farming techniques, which can limit their yields. 

Therefore, efforts are being made by various organization and government agency to support farmers to improve their yield by providing training and resources such as improved seed variety, appropriate farming techniques, and mechanization of farming activities. Richfarm Kenya is one of the organizations helping small scale farmers by doing training and providing extension services. You can reach them through 0724698357/0723213602

Overall, watermelon farming in Kenya plays a crucial role in providing food and income for many small-scale farmers, and efforts are ongoing to improve yields and ensure a sustainable and profitable industry.

Mango Farming In Kenya: How To Grow The Best Mangoes For Export

State of mango farming in Kenya

Mango is one of the most loved fruits in Kenya. Due to its popularity, it feels very much like a local fruit that has been here since the beginning of time but it will surprise you to know that it is an exotic fruit just like apples.  Mangoes originally came from South Asia.

Mango farming: Mangoes originated from Asia

In Kenya, mangoes are mostly farmed in the Eastern and Coastal regions. The fruits are mostly consumed fresh. However, processing of mango juice is also becoming a major business led by Makueni county which has a big processing factory that buys fruits from local farmers.

Mango farming in Embu, Kenya

Mango tree special characteristics

Mango trees have a deep tap root and wide spread lateral roots. This is a special feature that makes it possible for the trees to grow and give high yield even in semi-arid regions.

Mango trees produce beautiful pink leaves that turn into deep red colour and finally green when mature. The leaves remail ever green.

The trees can grow wide and tall, reaching over 10 metres wide and 25 metres high. However, grafting has made it possible to have short trees that mature early and start giving fruits in the second year. 

Grafted mango trees: Dwarf and fast maturing

Best areas for mango farming in Kenya

Mangoes grow well in the hot lowlands of the coastal strip (Mombasa, Kwale, Kilifi, Tana River and Lamu) and the upper midlands such as lower Murang’a, Kiambu, Kirinyaga, Embu and Meru and the entire Ukambani region of Machakos, Kitui and Makueni. The lower parts of Baringo, Narok and Kajiado are also ideal for mango farming and some farmers in these regions have already been very successful in it. 

Mango farming in Kisaju Kajiado, Kenya

In order to grow well and produce high yields, mangoes need the following climatic and soil conditions:

Temperature

Mango farming is best done in areas that experience average temperatures of between 15 and 30 ˚C. In cooler highlands, the trees grow but do not produce as much as trees in hot area. The fruits produced in cooler areas also have low sugar content. 

Rainfall

The best mango yields are achieved in areas with annual rainfall ranging from 800 to 1000 mm. However, due it their rooting system, mango trees can tolerate drought conditions when they fully develop. 

When grown under the rain-fed system, mango trees will generally have 2 seasons that follow the rain patterns. However, it is possible to achieve continuous mango fruiting under irrigation.   

Soil

Fertile, well drained sandy loam soils of pH 5.5 to 7.5 (slightly acidic) and at least 3 metres depth are the best for mango farming. However, the trees are hardy and adopt to many different types of soils.

The best mango varieties in Kenya

The best mango varieties to farm in Kenya are Apple mango, Tommy Atkins, Kent and Ngowe.

Apple mango

This is the most loved mango variety not only in Kenya but also across the world. It is so loved because of its deep flavour and sweetness. 

Apple mango variety has medium to large sized fruits with a smooth, rich yellow or orange skin when ripe. It is round in shape, has a small seed and very sweet flesh with no fibres. It also has good keeping quality and this is why it has become an important mango variety for export. 

Apple Mango: The best variety in the world

Apple mangoes are widely grown in Ukambani areas especially Machakos and Makueni. However, it can grow very well in any part of the country where the climate and soil is suitable for mango farming as explained above.

This is the variety you will find selling in the best supermarkets in Kenya. There are also traders who sell apple mangoes along Mombasa road when they are in season. It is also very suitable for processing and accounts for the largest part of the mangoes that are processed into juice by Delmonte and the Makueni County government processing plant. 

Tommy Atkins

The Tommy Atkins mango variety has medium to large sized fruits, mostly of an oval shape. The fruits have a smooth skin that is green in colour and having an attractive deep red blush. The dominant green colour may change to yellow or orange when the fruit ripens. The flesh is firm, deep yellow in colour when ripe, has some fibres and is mildly sweet.

Tommy Atkins Mango Variety

Tommy Atkins has two outstanding characteristics that make it a very important commercial mango variety: 1, it has a very long shelf life and 2, it is very tolerant to handling and transportation. This meaning it can go through the entire packaging and transportation process and reach the export destination looking attractive and without ugly bruises or other physical damages.

Farmers in Kenya love the Tommy Atkins variety for its high resistance to common fungal diseases that attack other mango varieties. It is also very productive, giving the highest yield among all mango varieties grown in Kenya. Farmers who grow it under irrigation are also able to produce throughout the year with peak seasons coming in December to January. 

Kent

The Kent mango is a variety of mango that is known for its sweet and rich flavour, as well as its firm and fibrous texture. It is a large mango, typically weighing between 0.5 and 0.9 kgs. 

The skin of a Kent mango is dark green when unripe and turns yellow when ripe. The flesh is a deep orange colour and is very juicy. The seed in the centre of the fruit is relatively small compared to the size of the fruit. 

The Kent mango is a relatively late-season variety, typically ripening over a month after other varieties. It is considered to be one of the best-tasting varieties of mango and is commonly used for eating fresh or for making juice, jams, and other preserves. It is also a good choice for canning and freezing. 

Ngowe

The Ngowe mango variety is a type of mango that is grown primarily in East and Central Kenya. It is known for its large size and round shape, and it has a yellow-orange colour when ripe. 

The flesh of the Ngowe mango is also sweet and juicy, and it has a small seed in the center. It is typically harvested between June and August. The tree is a large and vigorous grower, and it can bear fruit in 3-5 years. The fruit is known for its good taste, and it is used in various forms, such as fresh, dried, and canned.

Nutritional value of Mangoes

Mangoes are an important source of vitamin A, B6 and C. They also contain other important minerals especially iron, calcium and potassium. They are an important source of dietary fibre and enzymes that help in digestion.