Pears Farming in Kenya

In recent years, Kenya's agricultural sector has witnessed notable changes with pear farming among  other agribusiness opportunities emerging as lucrative ventures for farmers seeking diverse and profitable agricultural opportunities.

Pears Farming Fruit Farming in Kenya.

Areas where pears are grown in Kenya.

Pears farming in Kenya first started in Limuru before spreading to other areas like Kenya’s central like Murang’a, Nyeri and Rift valley regions like Uasin Gishu.

Propagation.

Pears can be propagated through seeds, but for commercial orchards, grafting on to root stocks is the preferred method to ensure the desired characteristics of the parent tree.

Planting methods-step by step.

1.    Site selection

Choose a site with well-drained sandy loamy soil and a good sunlight exposure. Pears thrive in full sun, so select a location where the trees can receive at least 6-8 hours of daily sunlight.

2.    Soil preparation

On the preparations, conduct a soil test to determine the pH levels and then amend the soil accordingly ensuring it is rich in organic matter.

3.    Variety selection

The variety you choose to plant, should be that which is well suited to the climate of the area you are farming and the soil conditions. Different pear varieties have varying adaptability to specific regions. Consult local agricultural extension services or certified nurseries like Richfarm Kenya (0724698357/0723213602) for advice on the most suitable varieties for your area and for provision of ready to plant seedlings.

4.    Hole Spacing

Proper spacing is essential for optimal growth and yield. The pear plants should be planted with adequate distance between them to allow for proper air circulation and sunlight exposure. Dig a hole that is 2ft deep and wide enough to accommodate the root systems with a 4 by 6 metres spacing.

5.    Planting process

Gently place your pear sapling in the centre of the hole, ensuring that the roots are spread out and not tangled. Gently fill the hole with soil, pressing it down gently to eliminate air pockets. Water the newly planted tree thoroughly to settle the soil around the roots. Depending on the climate of the area, you can apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the tree to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and provide a barrier against temperature extremes.

Pear pests and diseases.

Pear farming is susceptible to various pests and diseases that can adversely affect the health and productivity of pear trees. Some of the common pests and diseases that pear farmers should be aware of include.

Pests

a)    Codling moth

The larvae of codling moths tunnel in to the fruit causing internal damage resulting to the decaying of the pears.

b)    Pear Rust Mite

This is a microscopic mite that feeds on the pear leaves, causing them to develop rust-like spots. Sever infestations can impact the overall health of the tree.

Other pests include aphids, pear slug and pear psylla.

Diseases

                            i.            Fire blight

A bacterial disease that affects pear trees causing them to wilt, blacken and a scorched appearance of leaves resembling fire damage.

                          ii.            Pear scab

This is a fungal disease affecting pear leaves. It causes them to be dark, having scaly lesions. Severe infections can lead to impacted fruit quality.

                       iii.            Brown rot

Brown rot causes fruit decay, resulting in brown pears.

Time of Maturity.

The time it takes for pear trees to mature varies based on several factors that include the variety, growing conditions and the cultivation practices. On average they take around 3 years to start bearing fruits.

Harvesting.

Harvest pears when they reach maturity. But how do you know your pears are ready for harvesting? The first indicator of mature fruits that are ready for harvesting is the colour change. Pears change the color as they ripen. Different varieties may exhibit a different colour change. Some may shift from green to yellow and others to red.

Storage.

Pears are sensitive to temperature and thus should be stored in cool conditions preferably -1 to 0 degrees Celsius after harvesting. Controlled atmosphere during storage can prolong the shelf life of the pears.

Profitability of pears farming/ the market opportunities.

The consistent demand for fresh and processed pear products in the local and export market makes pear farming a profitable venture. However, success depends on factors like proper orchard management, pest control and market strategies. Collaborations with local markets, supermarkets, and export -oriented initiatives can enhance market reach.

Before starting a pear orchard, it is important to get sufficient knowledge. With the right knowledge and management practices, pear orchards can yield a bountiful harvest.